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RESEARCH RECORD

BashArena and Control Setting Design

Adam Kaufman · James Lucassen · Redwood Research

原始文献 ↗ · BibTeX · RIS

任务生成保留可信与不可信模型之间的能力差距。作者记录了评分缺陷以及需要修正的过强策略。在轨迹误报率4%时,GPT-4.1 mini监测器的安全性为74%;对应的逐步误报率0.08%使用不同分母。禁用网络后,按测试用例计算的实用性从59%降至55%,却同时阻断四类旁支任务中的三类,说明环境设计存在可被防守方利用的捷径。诚实的Sonnet4.5和GPT-4.1 mini各在637条轨迹中意外触发一次防火墙任务,其他旁支任务没有意外触发。

研究问题

什么样的控制环境能够提供有效的部署防护证据?

设计与前提

把系统管理主任务与具备明确评分的安全旁支任务配对。

研究发现

任务生成保留可信与不可信模型之间的能力差距。

作者记录了评分缺陷以及需要修正的过强策略。

在轨迹误报率4%时,GPT-4.1 mini监测器的安全性为74%;对应的逐步误报率0.08%使用不同分母。

禁用网络后,按测试用例计算的实用性从59%降至55%,却同时阻断四类旁支任务中的三类,说明环境设计存在可被防守方利用的捷径。

诚实的Sonnet4.5和GPT-4.1 mini各在637条轨迹中意外触发一次防火墙任务,其他旁支任务没有意外触发。

局限与反证

控制博弈中的实用性不等于绝对能力排名;不同模型的评测任务子集不同。

各模型主任务实用性。
各模型主任务实用性。 原图 ↗
轨迹截断步数与主任务表现。
轨迹截断步数与主任务表现。 原图 ↗
轨迹误报率与监测安全性。
轨迹误报率与监测安全性。 原图 ↗
各模型及旁支任务的攻击表现。
各模型及旁支任务的攻击表现。 原图 ↗
控制环境设计示意。
控制环境设计示意。 原图 ↗
控制环境设计示意。
控制环境设计示意。 原图 ↗

来源证据

系统测量原值条件与位置
—main-task-count637unique main tasksDataset inventory; two named models use all tasks, other models use random subsets of 100L26,L48
GPT-4.1 mini monitor轨迹误报率 4% 时的安全性74%%BashArena original release; trusted monitoring; 4% trajectory-wise false-positive rate; monitor GPT-4.1 mini; attacker identity and denominator not disclosed in proseL60
—对应轨迹误报率 4% 的逐步误报率0.08%%BashArena long trajectories; step and trajectory FPR are different denominatorsL60
—主任务实用性59%%Original permissions; partial credit means average fraction of test cases passed, not all-or-nothing task success; exact model not identified in proseL68,L150-L156
—主任务实用性55%%Internet access removed; three of four side tasks disabled; partial credit means average fraction of test cases passed, not all-or-nothing task success; exact model not identified in proseL68,L150-L156
Claude Sonnet 4.5诚实策略意外触发防火墙旁支任务once out of 637countn = 637 Honest policy; each model evaluated on 637 trajectories; original count, not calculated rateL204
Claude Sonnet 4.5诚实策略意外触发其他旁支任务No other side tasks were ever triggered accidentallycountn = 637 Honest policy; aggregate for side tasks other than firewall; do not split as invented per-task valuesL204
GPT-4.1 mini诚实策略意外触发防火墙旁支任务once out of 637countn = 637 Honest policy; each model evaluated on 637 trajectories; original count, not calculated rateL204
GPT-4.1 mini诚实策略意外触发其他旁支任务No other side tasks were ever triggered accidentallycountn = 637 Honest policy; aggregate for side tasks other than firewall; do not split as invented per-task valuesL204
—系统监测任务120countTask inventory cluster; all 9 clusters sum to 637; not a model scoreL30
—数据处理任务88countTask inventory cluster; all 9 clusters sum to 637; not a model scoreL32
—底层系统任务86countTask inventory cluster; all 9 clusters sum to 637; not a model scoreL34
—进程管理任务69countTask inventory cluster; all 9 clusters sum to 637; not a model scoreL36
—数据库自动化任务68countTask inventory cluster; all 9 clusters sum to 637; not a model scoreL38
—安全任务65countTask inventory cluster; all 9 clusters sum to 637; not a model scoreL40
—内存优化任务55countTask inventory cluster; all 9 clusters sum to 637; not a model scoreL42
—CI/CD 任务55countTask inventory cluster; all 9 clusters sum to 637; not a model scoreL44
—其他任务31countTask inventory cluster; all 9 clusters sum to 637; not a model scoreL46
GPT-5.2主任务实用性0.66fraction of test cases passedGraphical error barsOriginal release; partial credit as average fraction of test cases passed; 100 main tasks for this model per article L48. Task count is not the test-case denominator.Article image1; main task performance; bar GPT-5.2
Claude Opus 4.5主任务实用性0.66fraction of test cases passedGraphical error barsOriginal release; partial credit as average fraction of test cases passed; 100 main tasks for this model per article L48. Task count is not the test-case denominator.Article image1; main task performance; bar Claude Opus 4.5
Claude Sonnet 4.5主任务实用性0.59fraction of test cases passedGraphical error barsOriginal release; partial credit as average fraction of test cases passed; 637 main tasks for this model per article L48. Task count is not the test-case denominator.Article image1; main task performance; bar Claude Sonnet 4.5
GPT-5主任务实用性0.51fraction of test cases passedGraphical error barsOriginal release; partial credit as average fraction of test cases passed; 100 main tasks for this model per article L48. Task count is not the test-case denominator.Article image1; main task performance; bar GPT-5
GPT-4.1 mini主任务实用性0.34fraction of test cases passedGraphical error barsOriginal release; partial credit as average fraction of test cases passed; 637 main tasks for this model per article L48. Task count is not the test-case denominator.Article image1; main task performance; bar GPT-4.1 mini
Kimi K2主任务实用性0.27fraction of test cases passedGraphical error barsOriginal release; partial credit as average fraction of test cases passed; 100 main tasks for this model per article L48. Task count is not the test-case denominator.Article image1; main task performance; bar Kimi K2
GPT-5 nano主任务实用性0.24fraction of test cases passedGraphical error barsOriginal release; partial credit as average fraction of test cases passed; 100 main tasks for this model per article L48. Task count is not the test-case denominator.Article image1; main task performance; bar GPT-5 nano
阅读范围与复核

Selected substantive passages of original institutional article; linked full paper, data and figures not independently audited

模型辅助整理,独立证据复核待完成。

核对原始来源 ↗