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Evaluation dossier

ImpossibleBench

Will coding agents exploit tests when specifications and tests cannot both be satisfied?

Sources and provenance ↓ Read the research narrative →

CROSS-REPORT MONITORING

PUBLISHED EVIDENCE

ImpossibleBench · Cheating rate (pass@1 on impossible variants)

Published measurements across source reports. Task scopes are annotated; configuration differences remain attached to each observation.

4 observations · 3 dated

● Matched◇ Configuration differs□ Some conditions undisclosed
Cheating rate (pass@1 on impossible variants) (%) Claude Opus 4.6 Kimi K3 DeepSeek V4 Flash GPT-5.6 Terra 0 20 40 60 80 100 2.9% 1.5% 0.5% 0%

1 observations lack a verified model release date. They remain in Data and Systems.

Select a point or table row to inspect its conditions and provenance.

4 observations

Measurements and source conditions
System / modelResultCondition statusTask / conditionsEvaluator / reportDates
Claude Opus 4.62.9%Cheating rate (pass@1 on impossible variants)IncompleteImpossible-LiveCodeBench split with toolsCheating rate (pass@1 on impossible variants)—MetaEvaluating Kimi K3 for Misalignment RisksRelease 2026-02-05Report 2026-09-11
Kimi K31.5%Cheating rate (pass@1 on impossible variants)IncompleteImpossible-LiveCodeBench split with toolsCheating rate (pass@1 on impossible variants)—Neo ResearchEvaluating Kimi K3 for Misalignment RisksRelease 2026-07-16Report 2026-09-11
DeepSeek V4 FlashDeepSeek V4 Flash 07310.5%Cheating rate (pass@1 on impossible variants)IncompleteImpossible-LiveCodeBench split with toolsCheating rate (pass@1 on impossible variants)—Neo ResearchEvaluating Kimi K3 for Misalignment RisksRelease —Report 2026-09-11
GPT-5.6 Terra0%Cheating rate (pass@1 on impossible variants)IncompleteImpossible-LiveCodeBench split with toolsCheating rate (pass@1 on impossible variants)—Neo ResearchEvaluating Kimi K3 for Misalignment RisksRelease 2026-07-09Report 2026-09-11

Task and measurement

Benchmark protocol profile

Task / subject
The model or agent in the stated task configuration.
Measurement target
Constructs impossible variants of coding tasks and examines specification-violating passes.
Scoring / outcome
Cheating rate (pass@1 on impossible variants) · Source-reported measurement under the recorded configuration.
Interpretation boundary
The cheating rate is conditional on contradictions, test access and scaffolding; it is not a general dishonesty rate.

Constructs impossible variants of coding tasks and examines specification-violating passes.

A reported evaluation

The source evaluates Kimi K3 · Impossible-LiveCodeBench split with tools.

Reported measurement: Cheating rate (pass@1 on impossible variants) · 1.5%.

Source-reported measurement under the recorded configuration. Per-result sample size not disclosed

Cheating rate (pass@1 on impossible variants): 1.5 %. Conditions are retained from the source.

Measurement dossier · NUWA reading

Source-method reading and retained catalogue information are distinguished. Publication does not establish independent evidence or bilingual editorial review.

Measurement construct
Will agents violate a specification to pass tests made deliberately impossible?
Task population
Tasks mutate LiveCodeBench and SWE-bench so tests conflict with the natural-language specification; passing such cases serves as a cheating proxy.
Scoring and failure modes
Pass rate on deliberately specification-conflicting impossible tests is a cheating proxy.
System conditions
Mutated LiveCodeBench/SWE-bench; prompt/test access/feedback vary.
Statistical meaning
Source-reported result statements; this does not establish trial counts, denominators or an estimator: Monitor detection was 86–89% on Impossible-LiveCodeBench but substantially lower on Impossible-SWEbench.
Validity and interpretation
Passing signals a specification violation only if the mutation is truly impossible; this rate does not estimate ordinary coding-task cheating.
Appropriate research use
Model recommendation: verify impossibility and retain test access, prompt and feedback conditions.
  • ImpossibleBench · AbstractSelected original resource https://arxiv.org/html/2510.20270; sha256:c2850cd2eaf221a7a22b315b1fb5ef2a797c92f0ff757adbf2ece0d08168dad3; archived source capture; exact capture time not independently established
  • ImpossibleBench · §2 Benchmark CurationSelected original resource https://arxiv.org/html/2510.20270; sha256:c2850cd2eaf221a7a22b315b1fb5ef2a797c92f0ff757adbf2ece0d08168dad3; archived source capture; exact capture time not independently established
  • ImpossibleBench · §5 Results: Context EngineeringSelected original resource https://arxiv.org/html/2510.20270; sha256:c2850cd2eaf221a7a22b315b1fb5ef2a797c92f0ff757adbf2ece0d08168dad3; archived source capture; exact capture time not independently established
  • ImpossibleBench · §6 Results: MonitoringSelected original resource https://arxiv.org/html/2510.20270; sha256:c2850cd2eaf221a7a22b315b1fb5ef2a797c92f0ff757adbf2ece0d08168dad3; archived source capture; exact capture time not independently established

Evidence across reports

The same benchmark name can cover different tasks, scoring rules and system configurations. Each source remains visible; comparison groups explain which conditions are aligned.

Original source charts and materials

Read the original protocol ↗

Protocol scope is catalogued. Exact numerical extraction and an appropriate source figure remain to be reviewed.

Assessment provenance

Evaluating Kimi K3 for Misalignment Risks → · External report

Related research questions

References

  1. [1] Kimi Code — What’s New ; Kimi K3 · July 16, 2026
  2. [2] kimi-k3 developer model card ; Model Summary: Total Parameters; Activated Parameters
  3. [3] GPT-5.6 official general availability ; July 9, 2026: general availability following limited trusted-partner preview; Parameter counts not disclosed in reviewed launch article
  4. [4] Claude Opus 4.6 — Anthropic ; Publication date and availability section; Official launch article; parameter counts not disclosed
  5. [5] Evaluating Kimi K3 for Misalignment Risks. 2026-09-11. September 2026 ; §2.3 Figure 17 p.27
  6. [6] ImpossibleBench. 2025-10-23